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A new beauty hack called “carrotmaxxing” has gone viral among beauty enthusiasts. Read on to know more about it.

There’s a new addition to the list of bizarre beauty trends. Hint: It’s orange, cylindrical, and also edible. If you haven’t guessed it already, we’re talking about carrots. Yes, a new beauty hack called “carrotmaxxing” has gone viral among beauty enthusiasts. Consuming carrots surely has its own set of benefits. Loaded with nutrients, these superfoods can maintain good eyesight, strengthen your immune system, and improve digestive and heart health. But beauty lovers are taking it to a whole new level. They’re eating carrots regularly to achieve a natural tan. However, according to doctors, having too many carrots can come with severe consequences.

A TikTok community called “looksmaxxers” has been urging their followers to munch on one carrot every day to get glowing, tanned skin, reports The Independent. However, one of its detrimental health effects is a condition known as carotenemia. It happens when you consume an excessive amount of foods rich in beta-carotene, a type of carotenoid.

This element gives colour to vegetables and fruits. Carotenemia causes your skin to turn an undesirable yellow-orange hue due to “high levels of beta-carotene in the blood,” as per Very Well Health. In humans, the pigment accumulates faster on the skin, making it difficult for the liver to process it. Although carotenemia is mostly harmless and reversible, an X-user claimed that carrotmaxxing sent her to the emergency room.

The woman revealed that instead of raw carrots, she ate sliced ones found in cans – not one, but six full cans each day, which landed her in the hospital. The reason? Her salt intake was 5,250 milligrams, which was twice the recommended amount of daily sodium consumption. According to the American Heart Association, an individual must not have more than 2,300 milligrams of sodium in a day. Sharing her ordeal, the user revealed, “I already had heart problems, so all the sodium in the carrots kind of took me out, and I went into mild organ failure. I’m doing much better now, though!”.

Kerala tops the list with 273 active cases, followed by Tamil Nadu with over 66 cases and Maharashtra with over 56 infections.

India is currently witnessing a modest rise in Covid-19 infections, with the Union Health Ministry reporting 257 active cases so far. Kerala, Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu account for over 85 per cent of these cases. Delhi has also reported 23 active cases.

Kerala tops the list with 273 active cases, followed by Tamil Nadu with over 66 cases and Maharashtra with over 56 infections. The spike in these states comes amid a regional surge in Covid-19 cases across Asia.

Health authorities in Kerala confirmed one death as of May 19.

Other states and union territories that reported new or existing active cases include:

• Puducherry – 10 active cases (3 new since May 12)
• Karnataka – 13 active cases (8 new)
• Delhi – 5 active cases (3 new)
• Gujarat – 7 active cases (6 new)
• Rajasthan – 2 active cases (1 new)
• Haryana – 1 active case (1 new)
• Sikkim – 1 active case (1 new)
• West Bengal – 1 active case

No other state has reported any new infections or deaths since May 19.

At least 112 patients have recovered or been discharged during the same period. The country’s overall recovery stands at more than 4.45 crore, with 5.33 lakh total deaths since the beginning of the pandemic.

Amid the rise, state governments have urged the public to remain cautious but not alarmed.

Kerala Health Minister Veena George noted the uptick in Covid cases in Southeast Asia and warned of a possible increase in the state. “While the severity is not high, self-defence is important,” she said, addressing the media. She also advised those with symptoms and vulnerable individuals to wear masks and avoid unnecessary hospital visits.

Maharashtra Health Minister Prakash Abitkar has asked citizens not to panic, saying, “I want to tell you all, not to be scared. Corona is normal now, our immunity has increased, and this situation will persist; no need to panic. The government is alert. If any health-related problem arises, we are prepared.” 

Tamil Nadu’s Director of Public Health T S Selvavinayagam also said there was “no need to panic.”

“As far as Tamil Nadu is concerned, our medical infrastructure is prepared to handle any kind of situation. But we are nowhere near any such situations. If there is a need for people to follow some rules, we will notify them. Our surveillance mechanism is very robust and people are advised to stay calm,” he said.

So far, no new advisories have been issued by the World Health Organization or the Union Health Ministry, though states continue to monitor ILI (Influenza-Like Illness) and SARI (Severe Acute Respiratory Infections) trends.

According to the American Academy of Paediatrics (AAP) and the World Health Organisation (WHO), early diagnosis and proper care can significantly improve quality of life in such children.

The immune system is a child’s first line of defence against infections and diseases. But when this system doesn’t function properly, it can lead to immune deficiency, a condition where the body is less capable of fighting off bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens. Children with immune deficiencies often suffer from recurrent infections, slow recovery, and other alarming signs that parents must watch for. According to the American Academy of Paediatrics (AAP) and the World Health Organisation (WHO), early diagnosis and proper care can significantly improve quality of life in such children. Here’s how you can recognise the symptoms and act early.

Recognising early signs of immune deficiency in children

Immune deficiencies can be primary (genetic) or secondary (acquired) and may manifest as repeated infections, growth issues, and delayed healing. Early identification is key to managing complications effectively.

1. Frequent or recurrent infections

Children with immune deficiency may include the following health conditions. These infections may not respond well to standard treatments and might return shortly after finishing antibiotics.

a. Get more than eight ear infections in a year

b. Have two or more serious sinus infections within a year

c. Suffer from recurrent pneumonia, bronchitis, or skin infections

2. Infections that are unusually severe or long-lasting

While it’s normal for children to fall ill occasionally, infections such as these are red flags. For instance, a simple cold turning into pneumonia every time should not be ignored.

a. Last much longer than expected

b. Require hospitalisation

c. Lead to complications such as sepsis or organ damage

3. Poor weight gain or growth delays

Children with immune deficiency often have trouble thriving. Common signs include the following. This happens because their bodies are constantly fighting infections, using up energy meant for growth.

a. Failure to gain weight or grow at a normal pace

b. Low appetite

c. Delayed developmental milestones

4. Persistent diarrhoea or gastrointestinal issues

Chronic diarrhoea, bloating, or stomach cramps could be signs of gastrointestinal infection or inflammation caused by a compromised immune system. In immune-deficient children, these problems may include the following.

a. Last for weeks

b. Be unresponsive to regular medications

c. Lead to malabsorption and dehydration

5. Family history of immune deficiency

A family history of primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDs) may suggest a higher genetic risk. Some of the common inherited conditions include the following. Early genetic counselling and testing can help detect these conditions before severe symptoms develop.

a. Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID)

b. Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID)

c. X-linked agammaglobulinemia

6. Delayed wound healing

If cuts and scrapes take unusually long to heal or become infected often, it may be a sign that the child’s immune response is sluggish or impaired. Such wounds may also appear inflamed or produce pus without healing over time.

7. Need for frequent antibiotics or IV treatment

Requiring multiple rounds of antibiotics in a year or needing intravenous antibiotics for relatively minor infections suggests the immune system isn’t functioning effectively.

When to seek medical help

If your child shows two or more of the signs above, consult a paediatric immunologist. Doctors may recommend the following tips for parents. The Jeffrey Modell Foundation also provides a list of “10 Warning Signs of Primary Immunodeficiency” which include many of the symptoms mentioned above.

a. Blood tests to evaluate immune cell counts

b. Immunoglobulin level assessment

c. Genetic screening for inherited conditions

Immune deficiency in children, if left unaddressed, can lead to severe and chronic health complications. Early recognition of symptoms, such as repeated infections, slow growth, and prolonged illnesses, can pave the way for effective treatment. According to WHO and paediatric experts, timely diagnosis and medical guidance can help children with immune deficiencies lead healthier, more active lives with the right support.

Antacids are among the most commonly used over-the-counter medications to relieve heartburn, indigestion, and acid reflux. They offer quick relief by neutralising stomach acid, making them a go-to remedy for millions. But while they are effective in the short term, long-term use of antacids is a growing concern among healthcare professionals. According to the American Gastroenterological Association (AGA), prolonged use of antacids, especially without medical supervision, can lead to nutrient deficiencies, altered gut function, and increased risk of kidney and bone issues. So, should you consider taking antacids for the long haul? Let’s explore the science behind long-term use and what you should watch out for.

Understanding how antacids work and their implications

Antacids work by neutralising excess stomach acid, offering temporary relief from symptoms like heartburn and bloating. However, they don’t treat the root cause of acid reflux or indigestion, and prolonged use can suppress natural digestive functions. Here are some key concerns and complications linked to continuous or unsupervised use of antacids.

1. Nutrient deficiencies

Long-term use of antacids, especially proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), can hinder the absorption of essential nutrients such as the following mentioned below. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) warns that prolonged PPI use has been linked with osteoporosis-related fractures.

a. Vitamin B12

Low stomach acid affects absorption, increasing the risk of anaemia and neurological issues.

b. Calcium and magnesium

Reduced absorption can lead to weaker bones and muscle cramps.

c. Iron

Essential for haemoglobin, iron levels may drop over time, leading to fatigue and weakness.

2. Risk of kidney problems

Some studies suggest that long-term antacid use may be associated with an increased risk of chronic kidney disease. PPIs in particular have been shown to potentially cause the risk of following health conditions. It is advisable to undergo periodic kidney function tests if you’re using antacids regularly.

a. Damage kidney tissues

b. Contribute to the development of interstitial nephritis

c. Lead to long-term renal impairment if left unmanaged

3. Increased risk of infections

By suppressing stomach acid, long-term antacid use may reduce the stomach’s natural defence mechanism, allowing harmful bacteria to flourish. The Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) states that reducing stomach acid can compromise your gut’s immune function. This may include the following health risks. 

a. Increase the risk of Clostridium difficile infections

b. Lead to bacterial overgrowth in the gut

c. Make one more prone to gastrointestinal issues like diarrhoea

4. Masking of underlying conditions

Relying on antacids for too long can mask more serious gastrointestinal disorders such as the following. If symptoms like heartburn, bloating, or nausea persist for weeks, a proper medical evaluation is crucial.

a. Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)

b. Peptic ulcers

c. Helicobacter pylori infection

d. Stomach cancer

5. Rebound acidity

When stopped suddenly after long-term use, especially with PPIs, the stomach may produce even more acid than before, a phenomenon known as rebound hyperacidity. This can worsen symptoms and create a dependency loop on antacids.

When and how to use antacids safely

If you need antacids occasionally, they are generally safe. However, for long-term relief, consider the following. Also, consider alternatives like H2 blockers, only under professional guidance.

a. Consulting a gastroenterologist before prolonged use

b. Exploring dietary and lifestyle changes to manage symptoms

c. Using the lowest effective dose under supervision

d. Regularly monitoring nutrient levels and kidney function

While antacids are a convenient solution for occasional discomfort, they aren’t designed for long-term use without medical advice. Prolonged use can lead to serious health complications and mask underlying conditions. According to the World Health Organisation (WHO) and leading gastroenterologists, it’s best to address the root cause of acidity through medical care, lifestyle changes, and proper dietary habits for long-term wellness.

It also provides evidence of eight instances in which introners have transferred between unrelated species in a process called ‘horizontal gene transfer.’

A new study proves that a type of genetic element called ‘introners’ is the mechanism by which many introns spread within and between species.

It also provides evidence of eight instances in which introners have transferred between unrelated species in a process called ‘horizontal gene transfer,’ the first proven examples of this phenomenon.

DNA is the genetic code that provides the biological instructions for every living species, but not every bit of DNA helps the species survive.

Some pieces of DNA are more like parasites, along for the ride and their own survival.

To translate DNA into proteins, the building blocks of life, many of these selfish DNA elements have to be removed from the genetic code.

Doing so enables the body to produce the wide diversity of proteins that allow for complex life, but the process can also lead to health problems, like some kinds of cancer.

University of California, Santa Cruz researchers are studying the ways that these genetic elements hide and make copies of themselves, so they can propagate within a species’ DNA, or even hop from one species to an unrelated one in a process called “horizontal gene transfer.”

A new study in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences proves that a type of genetic element called “introners” are the cause of many of these selfish genes spreading within and between species.

It provides evidence for eight instances in which introners have transferred between unrelated species, the first proven examples of this phenomenon.

“[Introners are] a way that genome architectures and complexity arise, but not necessarily because there is natural selection that favours this complexity,” said Russ Corbett-Detig, senior author on the study and professor of biomolecular engineering at the Baskin School of Engineering.

“A few may ultimately benefit the host, but most are just cheaters that found a really good way to hide in the genome,” Russ added.

In this study, the researchers have proven that introners are one of the main ways that new introns appear within a species’ DNA.

Introners are a kind of transposable element, a “jumping gene” that can move from one part of a genome to another, that have found a way to successfully make copies of introns throughout a genome.

The team’s past work has suggested this, but their advanced methods of searching the DNA of a wide range of species have now allowed them to definitively confirm their hypothesis.

The researchers searched for introners in the DNA of thousands of species, something only recently made possible due to ongoing coordinated efforts to sequence a wide range of biodiversity and make the data publicly available, like the Earth BioGenome Project and the Sanger Tree of Life.

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